TIXSIYCZ (X/Y/Z =1, 2, 3) MAX PHASES: SYNTHESIS VIA POWDER METALLURGY, CHARACTERIZATION AND MXENE CONVERSION

1 SÜZER-ÇIÇEK İlayda
Co-authors:
KAYIKÇI Gamze AĞAOĞULLARI Duygu
Institutions:
1 Istanbul Technical University
2 Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Particulate Materials Laboratories (PML), Graphene & 2D Materials Laboratory, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Conference:
35th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, OREA Congress Hotel Brno, Czech Republic, EU, May 5 - 7, 2026
Proceedings:
Proceedings 35th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials
ISBN:
978-80-88365-32-7
ISSN:
2694-9296
Licence:
CC BY 4.0
Metrics:
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Abstract

This study reports on the characterization and synthesis of the 2D carbon-based materials. In here, Ti, Si and graphite are used as starting materials. Firstly, powders with varying molar ratios of Ti, Si, and C (1:1:1, 2:1:1, 3:2:1, and 3:1:2) totaling 6 g were prepared, and 1 wt.% stearic acid was added to prevent cold welding. The powders were mechanically alloyed (MA) for 3 h using stainless steel vials and balls, with a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 10:1. After MA, the powders were placed in molds and shaped using a cold isostatic press at 2400 MPa pressure for 120 sec. The shaped compositions were first debinded at 420 °C for 30 min to remove the stearic acid. Subsequently, the bulk compositions were annealed at 1400 °C for 3 h to obtain the MAX phases. After crushing the annealed bulk compositions, etching was performed to remove Si content. 10 ml of 6 M hydrofluoric acid was used for 1 g of powder. After mixing the powders for 48 h, they were repeatedly washed with distilled water until the pH reached between 6-7. The washed powders were left in an oven for 24 h for drying. Phase analysis, microstructure analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, particle size and density measurements of the powders were performed. Ti3SiC2, SiC and TiC were seen in the structure. Also, TiSiC (3:1:2) has the highest (~ 4.43 g/cm3) and TiSiC (1:1:1) has the lowest density (~ 3.45 g/cm3). The average particle size of the compositions is ~ 5 μm.

Keywords: MXene, Mechanical Alloying, MAX, Etching, Microstructure, Phase Analysis

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