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This study investigates the heat-treatment effect on the microstructure and hardness of the surface oxides of Ti-Zr-Nb alloys. X-ray diffraction results reveal that the Ti-Zr-Nb alloy exhibited a BCC structure. Hardness testing results show that the hardness of the Ti-Zr-Nb alloy gradually increases with the increase of heat-treatment time and approaches 1400 Hv after 60 min heat-treatment at 600 °C. X-ray photoelectron and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses show that the enhancing hardness of the alloys after heat treatment is attributed to the formation of the TiZrNbO4 oxide layer.
Keywords: Ti-Zr-Nb alloy; Heat treatment; Hardness; Microstructure© This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.