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The vast majority of metals and alloys used in technical practice are produced from a liquid state - a liquid metal. A most important phase transformation at steelmaking process is crystallization of steel (phase transformation of liquid steel from liquid to solid state) and process of own solidification of steel. This paper deals with study of phase transformations in steel during its solidification process. Specifically, it is focused on possibility of experimental refinement of liquidus (TL) and solidus (TS) temperatures of real industrially produced steel grades cast into mould by the direct thermal analysis method. Experimental study of steel solidification process is one of the ways to eliminate their possible impacts on quality of cast steel during solidification and to achieve required properties of steel without any additional treatment. Dozens of ingot steel grades by direct thermal analysis method on Netzsch STA 449 F3 Jupiter experimental system were analysed. A series of methodological experiments on pure nickel standard metal in order to generate a methodology of direct thermal analysis methods to study real steel grades and identification of the influence of selected experimental conditions were performed. Practical implementation of the Design of Experiment method (DOE) to system of evaluation of correctness of measured data was also realized. Comparison of the results of the parallel methods used for TL and TS identification was also performed. A result of the whole process of refinement of TL and TS temperatures represents a final recommendation of one proper TL and TS temperature of each studied steel grade.
Keywords: Steel, ingot solidification, thermal analysis, design of experiment, thermodynamic software© This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.